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Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters
Slatinský, Lukáš ; Čečková, Martina (advisor) ; Hofman, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Lukáš Slatinský Supervisor: Assoc. prof. PharmDr. Martina Čečková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters ABCB1 (Pgp, P-glycoprotein) and ABCG2 (BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein) are members of a transmembrane efflux ATP dependent transporter family, so called ATP-binding cassettes (ABC). Physiologicaly they are expressed in the cellular membrane and protect body tissues against potentially toxic xenobiotics including drugs. They represent also one of the tumor defense mechanisms when being able to efflux a wide variety of cytotoxic drugs out of the cancer cells leading to treatment failure. BRAF protein plays an important regulatory and signal role in MAPK/ERK pathway affecting cell division, differentiation and secretion. Mutations of BRAF lead to overactivity in MAPK/ERK pathway in many cancer cells and can be therefore targeted by anticancer therapy. Cobimetinib and dabrafenib are relatively new anticancer therapeutics inhibiting the signal pathway mentioned above and they are used in treatment of melanoma carrying the BRAF mutation. The aims of this project were to...
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Study of inhibition activity of new antitumor drugs against chosen isoforms of cytochromes P450
Kroulíková, Pavla ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Mgr. Pavla Kroulíková Supervisor: RNDr. Jakub Hofman, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Study of inhibitory activity of new anticancer drugs toward selected isoforms of cytochromes P450 Cytochromes P450 are important biotransformation enzymes that affect pharmacokinetic behavior of many clinically used drugs and are the cause of many major drug interactions. They may have a role in overcoming multidrug resistance of cancer cells because many cytostatic drugs are deactivated by them. Aim of this thesis was in vitro study of inhibition of selected isoforms (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2B6) by substances from the group of tyrosine kinase inhibitors - alectinib, brivanib, osimertinib and selumetinib. We used commercially available Vividâ CYP Screening kits for the study. In these kits, human cytochromes P450 are recombinantly inserted into insect microsomes. The advantage of this method is that during the experiment no other reaction catalyzed by a different enzyme occurs simultaneously. The principle of this method is conversion of fluorogenic substrate into fluorescent product by CYP450. We determined the inhibition by measuring fluorescence in the 15th minute from start...
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Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters
Slatinský, Lukáš ; Čečková, Martina (advisor) ; Hofman, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Lukáš Slatinský Supervisor: Assoc. prof. PharmDr. Martina Čečková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters ABCB1 (Pgp, P-glycoprotein) and ABCG2 (BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein) are members of a transmembrane efflux ATP dependent transporter family, so called ATP-binding cassettes (ABC). Physiologicaly they are expressed in the cellular membrane and protect body tissues against potentially toxic xenobiotics including drugs. They represent also one of the tumor defense mechanisms when being able to efflux a wide variety of cytotoxic drugs out of the cancer cells leading to treatment failure. BRAF protein plays an important regulatory and signal role in MAPK/ERK pathway affecting cell division, differentiation and secretion. Mutations of BRAF lead to overactivity in MAPK/ERK pathway in many cancer cells and can be therefore targeted by anticancer therapy. Cobimetinib and dabrafenib are relatively new anticancer therapeutics inhibiting the signal pathway mentioned above and they are used in treatment of melanoma carrying the BRAF mutation. The aims of this project were to...
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Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters
Slatinský, Lukáš ; Čečková, Martina (advisor) ; Hofman, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Lukáš Slatinský Supervisor: Assoc. prof. PharmDr. Martina Čečková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Interactions of selected anticancer drugs of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitors group with the ABC drug transporters ABCB1 (Pgp, P-glycoprotein) and ABCG2 (BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein) are members of a transmembrane efflux ATP dependent transporter family, so called ATP-binding cassettes (ABC). Physiologicaly they are expressed in the cellular membrane and protect body tissues against potentially toxic xenobiotics including drugs. They represent also one of the tumor defense mechanisms when being able to efflux a wide variety of cytotoxic drugs out of the cancer cells leading to treatment failure. BRAF protein plays an important regulatory and signal role in MAPK/ERK pathway affecting cell division, differentiation and secretion. Mutations of BRAF lead to overactivity in MAPK/ERK pathway in many cancer cells and can be therefore targeted by anticancer therapy. Cobimetinib and dabrafenib are relatively new anticancer therapeutics inhibiting the signal pathway mentioned above and they are used in treatment of melanoma carrying the BRAF mutation. The aims of this project were to...
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Study of inhibition activity of new antitumor drugs against chosen isoforms of cytochromes P450
Kroulíková, Pavla ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Mgr. Pavla Kroulíková Supervisor: RNDr. Jakub Hofman, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Study of inhibitory activity of new anticancer drugs toward selected isoforms of cytochromes P450 Cytochromes P450 are important biotransformation enzymes that affect pharmacokinetic behavior of many clinically used drugs and are the cause of many major drug interactions. They may have a role in overcoming multidrug resistance of cancer cells because many cytostatic drugs are deactivated by them. Aim of this thesis was in vitro study of inhibition of selected isoforms (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2B6) by substances from the group of tyrosine kinase inhibitors - alectinib, brivanib, osimertinib and selumetinib. We used commercially available Vividâ CYP Screening kits for the study. In these kits, human cytochromes P450 are recombinantly inserted into insect microsomes. The advantage of this method is that during the experiment no other reaction catalyzed by a different enzyme occurs simultaneously. The principle of this method is conversion of fluorogenic substrate into fluorescent product by CYP450. We determined the inhibition by measuring fluorescence in the 15th minute from start...
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Study of gene expression profile of ellipticine - resistant neuroblastoma cell line UKF-NB-4
Pinkas, Michael ; Poljaková, Jitka (advisor) ; Hinďoš Hřebačková, Jana (referee)
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant embryonal tumor of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system derived from neural crest and is the most common tumor in infants. If the protooncogen MYCN is amplified in the case of high risk neuroblastoma, the current therapy fails. The biggest issue is the development of resistance. Ellipticine (ELLI) is a potential antineoplastic drug, whose cytotoxic effect is mainly based on the inhibition of topoisomerase II, its intercalation into the double helix structure of DNA and formation of adducts with DNA after enzymatic activation by cytochromes P450, peroxidases, sulfotransferases and N,O-acetyltransferases. Long-term cultivation of NB cell line UKF-NB-4 with ELLI leads to resistance, which is multifactorial. (i) It appears that ELLI is not effluxed from cells of the line UKF-NB-4ELLI as in the case of doxorubicin resistance in UKF-NB-4, but is transported from the nucleus and sequestrated in intracellular compartments. Cytotoxicity of ELLI is reduced also by (ii) low intracellular pH and (iii) decreased expression of topoisomerase II. (iv) Expression of enzymes activating ELLI is unchanged on the mRNA level detected by DNA microarray. However, enhanced expression of enzymes activating ELLI (cytochrome P450 3A4 and cyclooxygenase-1) is detected by qRT-PCR. Moreover...
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